An exploration of flow experiences in professional jump jockeys

Research has explored the conditions influencing the occurrence of flow in horse racing. However, little is known about the elements characterising the state of flow in equine sports. This study sought to; (a) explore the conditions influencing the occurrence of flow; (b) explore the characteristics of flow; and (c) explore the connections between the conditions and characteristics of flow in jump jockeys. Ten professional jump jockeys (M age = 28.1; SD = 5.21) participated in semi-structured interviews exploring the occurrence of flow in National Hunt horse racing. Data was analysed through an alternating process between thematic and connecting analyses. Twelve facilitators, ten inhibitors and seven disruptors were identified as being influential to the occurrence of flow. Ten characteristics described the occurrence of flow in jump jockeys, of which the optimal interaction with the horse has not emerged previously. Synchronisation of horse and jockey during flow experiences was characterised by communicatory, physiological and locomotive features. Additionally, 35 links were exhibited between the conditions and characteristics of flow, through which confidence, concentration and the optimal interaction with the horse were most influential for the occurrence of flow. This study made two important contributions by characterising the experience of flow in horse racing and identifying the manner in which the facilitative factors influence the occurrence of flow in jump jockeys. Similar to recent studies, kinaesthetic and cognitive alterations were associated with jockey flow experiences Results are discussed in relation to previous research and recommendations for theoretical and research developments outlined.