TY - JOUR
T1 - Status and Trends of Physical Activity Surveillance, Policy, and Research in 164 Countries
T2 - Findings From the Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys
AU - Ramírez Varela, Andrea
AU - Hallal, Pedro C.
AU - Mejía Grueso, Juliana
AU - Pedišić, Željko
AU - Salvo, Deborah
AU - Nguyen, Anita
AU - Klepac, Bojana
AU - Bauman, Adrian
AU - Siefken, Katja
AU - Hinckson, Erica
AU - Oyeyemi, Adewale L.
AU - Richards, Justin
AU - Salih Khidir, Elena Daniela
AU - Inoue, Shigeru
AU - Amagasa, Shiho
AU - Jauregui, Alejandra
AU - da Silva, Marcelo Cozzensa
AU - Lee, I. Min
AU - Ding, Melody
AU - Kohl, Harold W.
AU - Ekelund, Ulf
AU - Heath, Gregory W.
AU - Powell, Kenneth E.
AU - Foster, Charlie
AU - Memon, Aamir Raoof
AU - Doumbia, Abdoulaye
AU - Rather, Abdul Roof
AU - Razzaque, Abdur
AU - Diouf, Adama
AU - Hino, Adriano Akira
AU - Damasceno, Albertino
AU - Abebe, Alem Deksisa
AU - Florindo, Alex Antonio
AU - Mannocci, Alice
AU - Aringazina, Altyn
AU - Juričan, Andrea Backović
AU - Poffet, Andrea
AU - Decelis, Andrew
AU - Carlin, Angela
AU - Enescu, Angelica
AU - Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
AU - Kontsevaya, Anna
AU - Somhegyi, Annamaria
AU - Vuillemin, Anne
AU - El Hamdouchi, Asmaa
AU - Théodore, Asse Amangoua
AU - Masanovic, Bojan
AU - Lynch, Brigid M.
AU - Medina, Catalina
AU - Del Campo, Cecilia
AU - Abdeta, Chalchisa
AU - Moreways, Changa
AU - Ranasinghe, Chathuranga
AU - Howitt, Christina
AU - Cameron, Christine
AU - Jurakić, Danijel
AU - Martinez-Gomez, David
AU - Tladi, Dawn
AU - Diro, Debrework Tesfaye
AU - Adlakha, Deepti
AU - Mitić, Dušan
AU - Bjelica, Duško
AU - Biernat, Elżbieta
AU - Chisati, Enock M.
AU - Lambert, Estelle Victoria
AU - Cerin, Ester
AU - Lee, Eun Young
AU - Riso, Eva Maria
AU - Cañete Villalba, Felicia
AU - Assah, Felix
AU - Lovrić, Franjo
AU - Araya-Vargas, Gerardo A.
AU - La Torre, Giuseppe
AU - Cruz, Gloria Isabel Niño
AU - Baltaci, Gul
AU - Al Sabbah, Haleama
AU - Nalecz, Hanna
AU - Nashandi, Hilde Liisa
AU - Park, Hyuntae
AU - Revuelta-Sánchez, Inés
AU - Nusurupia, Jackline Jema
AU - Zamora, Jaime Leppe
AU - Kopcakova, Jaroslava
AU - Brazo-Sayavera, Javier
AU - Oppert, Jean Michel
AU - Nie, Jinlei
AU - Spence, John C.
AU - Bradley, John Stewart
AU - Mota, Jorge
AU - Mitáš, Josef
AU - Chen, Junshi
AU - Hylton, Kamilah S.
AU - Fromel, Karel
AU - Milton, Karen
AU - Borodulin, Katja
AU - Moustapha, Keita Amadou
AU - Martinez-Folgar, Kevin
AU - Nasreddine, Lara
AU - Christiansen, Lars Breum
AU - Malisoux, Laurent
AU - Malete, Leapetswe
AU - Grepo-Jalao, Lorelie C.
AU - Monteiro, Luciana Zaranza
AU - Al Subhi, Lyutha K.
AU - Dakskobler, Maja
AU - Alnaji, Majed
AU - Garro, Margarita Claramunt
AU - Hagströmer, Maria
AU - Murphy, Marie H.
AU - Mclaughlin, Matthew
AU - Rivera-Morales, Mercedes
AU - Scheinowitz, Mickey
AU - Shkodra, Mimoza
AU - Piątkowska, Monika
AU - Chaudhury, Moushumi
AU - Alrashdi, Naif Ziyad
AU - Mutrie, Nanette
AU - Murphy, Niamh
AU - Ahmad, Norhayati Haji
AU - Obeidat, Nour A.
AU - Gómez, Nubia Yaneth Ruiz
AU - Liangruenrom, Nucharapon
AU - Arnesto, Oscar Díaz
AU - Flores-Flores, Oscar
AU - Incarbone, Oscar
AU - Chimeddamba, Oyun
AU - Bovet, Pascal
AU - Magalhães, Pedro
AU - Jousilahti, Pekka
AU - Katewongsa, Piyawat
AU - Gómez, Rafael Alexander Leandro
AU - Shihab, Rawan Awni
AU - Ocansey, Reginald
AU - Veress, Réka
AU - Marine, Richard
AU - Carrizales-Ramos, Rolando
AU - Saeed, Saad Younis
AU - El-Ashker, Said
AU - Green, Samuel
AU - Kasoma, Sandra
AU - Beretervide, Santiago
AU - Baldew, Se Sergio
AU - Nichols, Selby
AU - Khoo, Selina
AU - Hosseini, Seyed Ali
AU - Goenka, Shifalika
AU - Gholamalishahi, Shima
AU - Kosen, Soewarta
AU - Compernolle, Sofie
AU - Enescu, Stefan Paul
AU - Popovic, Stevo
AU - Paudel, Susan
AU - Andrade, Susana
AU - Titze, Sylvia
AU - Davidson, Tamu
AU - Dusingizimana, Theogene
AU - Dorner, Thomas E.
AU - Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L.
AU - Huong, Tran Thanh
AU - Sychareun, Vanphanom
AU - Jarevska-Simovska, Vera
AU - Puloka, Viliami Kulikefu
AU - Onywera, Vincent
AU - Wendel-Vos, Wanda
AU - Dionyssiotis, Yannis
AU - Pratt, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank all GoPA! Country Contacts and their teams for reviewing, providing, and approving data for their countries. We appreciate their contributions over the past decade. In particular we would like to thank: Aaron Sim (Singapore), Abchir Houdon, (Djibouti), Angela Koh (Singapore), Audrey Tong (Singapore), Bharathi Viswanathan (Seychelles), Franklyn Edwin Prieto Alvarado (Colombia), Enrique Medina Sandino (Nicaragua), Galina Obreja (Republic of Moldova), Geoffrey P. Whitfield (United States), Gladys Bequer (Cuba), Isabel Cardenas (Bolivia), Juan Rivera (Mexico), Kyaw Zin Thant (Myanmar), Lisa Indar (Caribbean Islands), Louay Labban (Syrian Arab Republic), Lyna E. Fredericks (Virgin Islands), Migle Baceviciene (Lithuania), Mya Lay Sein (Myanmar), Nazan Yardim (Turkey), Olavur Jokladal (Faeroe Islands), Omar Badjie (Gambia), Saad Hassan Aden (Djibouti), Sawadogo Amidou (Burkina Faso), Seyed Ali Hosseini (Iran), Sigridur Lara Gudmundsdottir (Iceland), Takese Foga (Jamaica), Tatiana I Andreeva (Ukraine), Than Naing Soe (Myanmar), Thelma Sanchez (Costa Rica), Tigri Tertulie Lamatou Nawal (Benin), Vera Amanda Solís (Nicaragua), and Wilbroad Mutale (Zambia). We also wish to thank to Cintia Borges and Paulo Ferreira from Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil for the graphic design and GoPA! website management. This research was funded in part by the University of California San Diego, United States, Universidad Federal de Pelotas, Brazil, and Universidad de los Andes, Colombia. Author Contributions: ARV, PH, and MP coordinated the data collection within the GoPA! surveys and conceptualized the study. GoPA! Country Contacts contributed to data collection, revision, and approval of the physical activity surveillance, policy, and research indicators. ARV, JMG, and AN analyzed the data and drafted the first version of the manuscript. ZP, DS, BK, KS, EJ, EDSK, ALO, JR, SI, SA, AJ, MP, PH provided feedback on the first version of the manuscript. ZP, ALO, MP, PH wrote parts of the manuscript. ARV, MP, JMG, AN, ZP, BK, KS, EJ, EDSK, ALO, JR, SI, SA, AJ, MC, DS, IML, AB, ML, HKIII, UE, GH, KP, CF, PH, MP provided feedback on the second version of the manuscript. All authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank all GoPA! Country Contacts and their teams for reviewing, providing, and approving data for their countries. We appreciate their contributions over the past decade. In particular we would like to thank: Aaron Sim (Singapore), Abchir Houdon, (Djibouti), Angela Koh (Singapore), Audrey Tong (Singapore), Bharathi Viswanathan (Seychelles), Franklyn Edwin Prieto Alvarado (Colombia), Enrique Medina Sandino (Nicaragua), Galina Obreja (Republic of Moldova), Geoffrey P. Whitfield (United States), Gladys Bequer (Cuba), Isabel Cardenas (Bolivia), Juan Rivera (Mexico), Kyaw Zin Thant (Myanmar), Lisa Indar (Caribbean Islands), Louay Labban (Syrian Arab Republic), Lyna E. Fredericks (Virgin Islands), Migle Baceviciene (Lithuania), Mya Lay Sein (Myanmar), Nazan Yardim (Turkey), Olavur Jokladal (Faeroe Islands), Omar Badjie (Gambia), Saad Hassan Aden (Djibouti), Sawadogo Amidou (Burkina Faso), Seyed Ali Hosseini (Iran), Sigridur Lara Gudmundsdottir (Iceland), Takese Foga (Jamaica), Tatiana I Andreeva (Ukraine), Than Naing Soe (Myanmar), Thelma Sanchez (Costa Rica), Tigri Tertulie Lamatou Nawal (Benin), Vera Amanda Solís (Nicaragua), and Wilbroad Mutale (Zambia). We also wish to thank to Cintia Borges and Paulo Ferreira from Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil for the graphic design and GoPA! website management. This research was funded in part by the University of California San Diego, United States, Universidad Federal de Pelotas, Brazil, and Universidad de los Andes, Colombia.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Human Kinetics, Inc.
PY - 2023/2/1
Y1 - 2023/2/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. METHODS: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. RESULTS: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world's population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world's population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. CONCLUSION: Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.
AB - BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. METHODS: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. RESULTS: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world's population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world's population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. CONCLUSION: Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.
KW - epidemiology
KW - guidelines and recommendations
KW - health promotion
KW - measurement
KW - public health practice
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147095184&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1123/jpah.2022-0464
DO - 10.1123/jpah.2022-0464
M3 - Article
C2 - 36535269
AN - SCOPUS:85147095184
SN - 1543-3080
VL - 20
SP - 112
EP - 128
JO - Journal of Physical Activity and Health
JF - Journal of Physical Activity and Health
IS - 2
ER -
